Beach wrack communities within a commercially harvested coastline of the Salish Sea
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accumulations of beach-cast seaweeds and other matter, collectively known as wrack, are a common and ecologically important occurrence along coastal regions worldwide. Between the unincorporated communities of Deep Bay and Bowser, on the east coast of Vancouver Island, beach wrack is primarily composed of an introduced species of red algae called Mazzaella japonica, which became the target of a commercial beach-cast harvest in 2007. Little is known, however, about the ecological role of M. japonica in this recipient system. Furthermore, literature on the effects of harvesting beach-cast seaweed is limited. The goal of this research was therefore threefold: 1) To quantify the contribution of M. japonica to wrack inputs within the harvest region; 2) to explore how wrack characteristics influence macrofauna communities; and 3) to determine if the commercial removal of beach-cast seaweeds has a detectable effect on wrack characteristics and macrofauna community structure. To answer these questions we monitored a series of permanent transects at six sites across the harvest region, from November 2014 until March 2015. We recorded as much as 853 kg (±99.8 SE) of wrack per meter of shoreline, 63 % to 82% of which was identified as M. japonica across sites. Despite the removal of 674.5 tonnes of beach-cast seaweeds, we found that the trends in wrack biomass were similar between both harvested and unharvested locations. Macrofauna communities differed significantly between study sites, as well as with the age class, depth, and total biomass of the wrack from which they were sampled.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".