Parents of children in sports' perceptions of concussion injury and intentions towards protective behaviours
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Parents are major contributors in preventing and managing concussion injury in their children. How parents' attitudes and perceptions of concussion influence the promotion of protective behaviour in their children is not well understood. This study assessed concussion-related attitudes and beliefs of parents with children registered in various sports using Leventhal's Common Sense Model of Health Representations. One hundred and twelve parents (73 females, 39 males, mean age 42.12±6.61 years) of children (mean child age 10.08±4.27 years, average 4.54±2.29 total sports, 1.66±1.02 contact sports) sampled from rugby, hockey, judo and swimming organizations completed a survey about their concussion perceptions and attitudes and intentions towards concussion-protective behaviours. Concussion risk was an accepted feature of sport participation by 40% of participants. Participants were reluctant to discourage their children from playing contact and competitive sports. Participants with concussion education exposure perceived concussion as more likely and serious. Parents whose children had experienced concussion saw concussion as more likely, had lower beliefs that protective measures would reduce concussion risk or that treatment would be effective in managing concussion. Severity and likelihood perceptions were positively related to worry but not directly related to intentions. Protective measure efficacy was positively related to intentions towards personal protective behaviours and limiting involvement in contact sports and negatively related to risk perceptions. Among this sample, concussion injury was a recognized feature of sport participation and concussion education and direct concussion experience differentiated concussion beliefs. Parents need clear information on concussion-protection measure efficacy to form accurate risk perception beliefs.Acknowledgments: Thanks to Millbrook Minor Hockey, Peterborough Rugby and the Trent Sport and Recreation Complex for their support of this project.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".