Effects of alternate day supplementation at two levels of energy on forage utilization and performance of growing steers grazing stockpiled cool-season perennial grass pastures
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing energy daily vs. on alternate days at two levels (1.5× and 2× daily amount) on forage utilization and performance of growing steers grazing stockpiled cool-season perennial grass (CSPG) pasture. Forty-five crossbred yearling steers were stratified by initial body weight (BW) (358 ± 18 kg) and randomly assigned to one of the nine CSPG pasture paddocks (5 steers paddock−1). Each paddock was randomly assigned to one of the three replicated (n = 3) supplementation strategies. A pelleted feed (30.3% neutral detergent fibre; 32.0% starch; 7.2% crude fat) was formulated to provide 3.2 Mcal kg−1 of digestible energy and offered daily (DLY) at 0.6% of BW, or on alternate days at two levels: 0.9% [low alternate (LA)] and 1.2% [high alternate (HA)] of BW. After a 70 d grazing period, forage utilization of DLY (65.2%) was not different (P ≥ 0.69) when compared with LA (63.7%) or HA (65.0%). Also, final BW and cumulative average daily gain of DLY (435 kg and 1.1 kg d−1) were not different (P ≥ 0.11) when compared with those of LA (424 kg and 0.9 kg d−1) or HA (428 kg and 1.0 kg d−1). These results suggest that it is possible to reduce the frequency and amount of energy supplementation in grazing-growing cattle without reducing animal performance.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it