Effect of electroacupuncture on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Methods Fifty patients of both sexes, aged ≥65 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ, with the educational level ≥ the level of primary school, scheduled for elective unilateral carotid endarterectomy, were divided into 2 groups (n=25 each) using a random number table: control group (group C) and electroacupuncture group (group EA). In group EA, electroacupuncture (frequency 2/100 Hz, intensity 5-12 mA) of Baihui (GV20), Neiguan (PC6) and Zusanli (ST36) was performed throughout surgery starting from 30 min before operation, and then general anesthesia was performed.General anesthesia was performed directly in group C. Before operation (T0), at the end of operation (T1) and at 24 h after operation (T2), blood samples were collected from the internal jugular vein for determination of plasma S-100β protein, tumor necrosis factor-α and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The cognitive function was assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment at T0, 2 and at 3 and 7 days after operation (T3, 4). Results Compared with group C, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores were significantly increased at T2-4, the plasma S-100β protein and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were significantly decreased at T1, 2, and the plasma BDNF concentrations were significantly increased at T2 in group EA (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can improve postoperative cognitive function in the elderly patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, which may be related to inhibition of inflammatory responses, promotion of BDNF production and reduction of brain injury. Key words: Electric stimulation therapy; Endarterectomy, carotid; Cognition disorders; Aged
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".