Crucial genes at the onset of lactation revealed by transcriptome screening of Domestic Yak mammary gland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
At the onset of lactation, there are three distinct stages of mammary tissue development and function including mammogenesis, colostrogenesis, and lactogenesis. The mechanism of the transition from colostrogenesis to lactogenesis of Maiwa Yak is still unknown. In this study, mammary tissues from three Maiwa Yaks were collected at 1 and 30 d after parturition for transcriptome exploration using Affymetrix Bovine Genome Arrays. Comparing 1 and 30 d results, a total of 517 annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at the criteria of a P ≤ 0.05. The ratio of up-regulated genes to the down-regulated ones was around 1:2 (more specifically, 164:353). To depict the profile of DEGs, a dynamic impact approach (DIA) was used to analyse the microarray data based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. GO terms “fatty acid transport” and “monocarboxylic acid transport” were significantly induced during the colostrum period. The strongly impacted KEGG pathways were “chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis”, “glycosphingolipid biosynthesis”, and “glycerolipid metabolism”. These data may provide candidate genes with a high probability of having functional roles in regulating the transition from colostrum to normal milk in domestic yak mammary gland.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".