Bibliographic record
Abstract
More than 6,000 boreholes were compiled to develop a consistent regional scale stratigraphic framework for the Permian Rangal, Baralaba and Bandana coal measures (CMs) within the Bowen Basin. Coal beds and tuff horizons were used as stratigraphic markers, supported by chemostratigraphy and age dating. Results corroborate the general subdivisions of these different coal measures relative to basin location, but increase resolution on migrating depocentres in response to foreland loading and subsidence on coal thickness and splitting patterns. In the north, the Rangal CMs comprise two main seams, correlated as Leichhardt and Vermont. The Yarrabee Tuff is consistently present and splits the Vermont seam. The main Leichhardt seam exhibits relatively simple offset stacking relationships with the underlying Vermont and overlying Phillips seams. In the southwest, the Bandana CMs comprise two to three significant seams—the Aries-Castor, Pollux (Leichhardt equivalent) and Orion—along with the Pisces containing the Yarrabee Tuff. Seams exhibit complex Z splitting and vertical interburden stacking. Locally super-thick seams (crabs) form from convergence of thinner split seams in areas of relative stability over basement highs. In the Taroom Trough, the Baralaba CMs show the greatest response to loading, as seams thin and split along the eastern margin. The variability in the splitting patterns, coupled with the coal measures total thickness, corroborate the extension of the final basin depocentre northward, which was not preserved.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.102 | 0.035 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".