Unusual reservoir connectivity revealed by data integration at the Sunrise field
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Sunrise gas-condensate field located in the Timor Sea is part of a planned liquefied natural gas (LNG) development. It is a broad, low-relief structure covering approximately 900 km2 with two main reservoirs in the Plover Formation. While previous studies suggested that the Sunrise field was likely well connected, there still existed a downside risk of compartmentalisation because of the high degree of faulting. New results from a multi-disciplinary investigation indicate that the Sunrise field is unusually well connected, both vertically and laterally across large distances of possibly up to 40 km. This is primarily because of the nature of the main reservoir, which is thought to be a laterally extensive shoreface facies, and the presence of conductive fault/fracture zones associated with fault reactivation in an active tectonic setting. The results of this study render unlikely the downside case of a highly compartmentalised field. Despite the relatively wide appraisal well spacing, there is confidence in these conclusions because of the consistent message obtained from the evaluation of a wide range of data. The combination of geochemistry and the modelling of convective mixing through geological time—a method rarely used in the past—give important insights not typically available from traditional methods. This work was also used to successfully guide further data collection, which has supported the initial conclusions regarding the degree of communication across the field.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".