Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1: a novel immunohistological marker for colorectal cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1A1 is an immunohistological biomarker of various solid tumours, but has not been successfully proved as a colorectal cancer (CRC) marker. We recently reported that ALDH1B1, which has functional roles in tumourigenesis, may be a better CRC marker than ALDH1A1. METHODS: Human CRC explants and cell lines were analysed to identify candidate CRC markers from eight ALDH isozymes including ALDH1A1 and ALDH1B1. A tissue microarray, including paired specimens of normal and tumour tissues, was subsequently analysed to determine if candidate ALDHs could distinguish CRC from normal tissue. RESULTS: cells), while other ALDHs, including ALDH1A1, showed differential or low expression. No genetic alteration of ALDH1B1 in CRC was suggested by the relationships between mRNA and protein levels/enzymatic activities, and cDNA sequences of CRC cell lines. Tissue microarray findings showed that ALDH1B1, but not ALDH2, could distinguish CRC from normal tissue. Furthermore, ratios of ALDH1B1 to ALDH1A1 or ALDH2 were found to be powerful CRC indicators. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ALDH1B1 is a novel human CRC biomarker.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".