Bibliographic record
Abstract
Apologising is part of civil society and vitally important for maintaining social fabric. Many jurisdictions in Australia, Canada, the USA and UK have enacted apology-protecting legislation in the hope that the process of apologising might reduce civil litigation, particularly litigation about medical negligence. The apology is also significant in restorative justice and may operate in mediation or as a remedy. This article focuses on how the social and psychological process of apologising and being apologised to is affected by the moral communities within which the apology takes place. It argues that the failure to take this process seriously may impact adversely on the achievement of the aims of restorative justice and the apology protecting laws. Las disculpas forman parte de la sociedad civil y son de una importancia vital para mantener el tejido social. Muchas jurisdicciones de Australia, Canadá, EEUU y el Reino Unido han promulgado legislaciones de protección de las disculpas, con la esperanza de que el proceso de disculpa reduzca el número de litigios civiles, sobre todo litigios motivados por negligencias médicas. La disculpa es significativa, además, en la justicia restaurativa, y podría tener efecto en una mediación o como remedio. Este artículo se centra en la forma en que el proceso social y psicológico de pedir y de recibir disculpas queda afectado por las comunidades morales en las cuales se produce la disculpa; no tomar en serio este proceso podría tener consecuencias adversas en la consecución de los objetivos de la justicia restaurativa y de las leyes que protegen la disculpa. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3013328
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".