Don't Overreact to this! Over-reactivity of the M-pathway in Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The role of aging on cognitive decline has been looked at with a great deal of interest over the past few decades. Mainly, the aging literature has focused heavily on the impact of aging on memory and cognitive resources. However, one area of literature that remains underdeveloped has been the role on how aging affects the cognitive processes of vision, more specifically how aging changes the mutually inhibitory processes of the magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) pathways. Therefore, in order to test how aging affects these two visual pathways, we implemented techniques known to hinder or bolster the M-pathway in younger adults with older adults. In Experiment 1, we tested if the inhibition of the M-pathway with a pulsed pedestal design also occurs with older adults. In this task, we had younger and older adults perceive low and high spatial frequency gabors with either a pulsed or steady visual pedestal. In Experiment 2, we examined if the connection between the M-pathway and action processing found in younger adults changes with age. To do so, we adapted the same design but with action and non-action oriented objects instead of gabors. Across these two experiments, older adults showed a greater deficit in processing low spatial frequency gabors and action objects under the pulsed pedestal condition compared to younger adults. In Experiment 3, we examined if placing the hands proximal to visual images, which facilitates M-pathway processing in younger adults, also occurs for older adults. Here we found that older adults showed the opposite effect; greater advantage for low spatial frequency Gabors compared to younger adults when the hands were proximal. The data across all three experiments suggest that older adults may have overactive M-pathways, with larger deficits when the M-pathway is inhibited and larger benefits when the M-pathway is bolstered. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2017
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".