Tigridieae (Iridaceae) in North America: floral diversity, flower preservation methods and keys for the identification of genera and species
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background. The tribe Tigridieae (Iridaceae) is a monophyletic group restricted to America. It includes bulbous perennial plants with plicate and isobilateral leaves. The inflorescence is a rhipidium and the floral structures are fugacious, very variable in shape, color and size. Tigridieae is taxonomically and morphologically complex. Its generic limits are unresolved and the vegetative uniformity of the tribe complicates species identification. Species are recognized by the position, shape and color of the tepals, stamens and stigma, characters that are difficult to observe in many herbarium specimens. Studied species. Sixty-seven species of the tribe Tigridieae. Study site and years of study. North America (Canada, United States of America and Mexico). The study was conducted from 2009 to 2015. Methods. Twenty-three herbaria, floristic studies and monographs were reviewed and specimens were collected in the field. Fresh dissections were performed in order to preserve the flowers and an analysis was conducted of the floral variation and distribution of the species of Tigridieae. Results. Keys for the identification of genera and species are presented. Photographs of the species and floral structures are included for their recognition. In addition, a method is described for dissecting and preserving flowers as herbarium specimens. Finally, geographic distribution data are presented. Conclusions. In North America, 67 species within14 genera of Tigridieae are known, of which 54 are endemic. Tigridieae exhibits wide floral diversity influenced by its pollinators and geographic isolation. This key for the Tigridieae of North America along with the photographs illustrating floral diversity will facilitate identification of species in the field.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".