Cabin pressure aboard commercial aircraft and non‐arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate variations in pressurization of commercial aircraft at cruising altitude. Most aircraft are pressurized between 6,000 and 8,000 feet (ft.), depending on the type of aircraft and composite materials of the fuselage. Patients with NAION may note transient obscurations of vision in concert with low partial pressures of oxygen associated with high altitude. Methods Altimeters were used to measure the altitude and cabin pressure at cruising altitude aboard 83 commercial aircraft, including 38 narrow‐body and 45 wide‐body planes. Single‐aisle aircraft with a fuselage width of 10‐13 ft. were considered narrow‐body, while twin‐aisle aircraft with a fuselage width of 16‐20 ft. were qualified as wide‐body. There were six types of narrow‐body and seven types of wide‐body aircraft studied. Results The mean cabin pressure among all flights was 6,200 ± 970 ft. Narrow‐body aircraft had a significantly greater mean cabin pressure of 6,634 ± 965 ft. compared to wide‐body aircraft with a mean cabin pressure of 5,834 ± 818 ft. (p < 0.001). With respect to service date, newer generation aircraft had a mean cabin pressure of 5,999 ± 949 ft., which was lower than the mean cabin pressure of older aircraft 6,462 ± 946 ft. (p = 0.03). Conclusions Innovation in flight design has offered the ability for aircraft to fly at greater altitudes, while maintaining lower cabin pressures. Those at high risk of hypoxia induced complications such as NAION may consider aircraft type when air travel is required. Although all flights studied maintained pressurization below suggested United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) guidelines, the possibility for oxygen desaturation remains with current flight practices, especially in those at high risk.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".