La Détention Des Mineurs Étrangers Non Accompagnés Dans Le Contexte De L’immigration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dans plusieurs pays à travers le monde certaines autorités gouvernementales arrêtent des mineurs étrangers non accompagnés et les détiennent dans des centres fermés. En général leur détention n’est pas relative à une infraction pénale, mais au manque de documents règlementaires requis qui rendraient possible leur entrée légale dans le pays. Il est particulièrement important que les États membres à la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant reconnaissent aux mineurs étrangers non accompagnés le droit d’être traités avec humanité et avec respect de leur qualité d’enfant, tout en tenant compte de leurs besoins spécifiques. Dans le présent article, nous exposons d’abord les faits d’une affaire célèbre survenue en Belgique concernant la détention d’une mineure étrangère non accompagnée, âgée de cinq ans à l’époque. On constate avec cette affaire que la problématique de la détention des mineurs étrangers non accompagnés est pertinente aussi dans d’autres pays que le Canada. Nous abordons ensuite la norme internationale sur la détention des enfants garantie dans la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant, le but est d’examiner la conformité à cette norme des dispositions concernant la détention des mineurs contenues dans la Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés du Canada. English:In many countries in the world certain governmental authorities arrest unaccompanied foreign minors and detain them in closed centres. Generally it is not because they have committed a criminal offence, but rather that they lack valid administrative papers allowing them to enter the country legally. It is particularly important that State Parties to the Convention on the Rights of the Child recognize that unaccompanied foreign minors have the right to be treated with humanity and as children with specific needs. In this article, we will first recount a famous Belgian case concerning the detention of an unaccompanied foreign minor who was five-years old at the time. This case will highlight that the problem of the detention of unaccompanied foreign minors is relevant to other countries beside Canada. We then explore the international standards with regard to children’s detention established by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The objective is to examine whether the Canadian Immigration and Refugee Protection Act’s position on detention complies with this norm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".