Histone deacetylase inhibition induces odor preference memory extension and maintains enhanced AMPA receptor expression in the rat pup model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) plays a role in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation. We hypothesized that trichostatin-A (TSA), an HDAC inhibitor, would promote long-term odor preference memory and maintain enhanced GluA1 receptor levels that have been hypothesized to support memory. We used an early odor preference learning model in neonate rat pups that normally produces only 24-h memory to test behavior and examine receptor protein expression. Our behavioral studies showed that intrabulbar infusion of TSA, prior to pairing of the conditioned stimulus (peppermint odor) with the unconditioned stimulus (tactile stimulation), prolonged 24-h odor preference memory for at least 9 d. The prolonged odor preference memory was selective for the paired odor and was also observed using a specific HDAC6 inhibitor, tubacin, supporting a role for histone acetylation in associative memory. Immunoblot analysis showed that GluA1 receptor membrane expression in the olfactory bulbs of the TSA-treated group was significantly increased at 48 h unlike control rats without TSA. Immunohistochemistry revealed significant increase of GluA1 expression in olfactory bulb glomeruli 5 d after training. These results extend previous evidence for a close relationship between enhanced GluA1 receptor membrane expression and memory expression. Together, these findings provide a new single-trial appetitive model for understanding the support and maintenance of memories of varying duration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".