Plasma sphingolipids and depressive symptoms in coronary artery disease
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Depression is highly prevalent in individuals with coronary artery disease ( CAD ) and increases the risk of future cardiac events and mortality. Sphingolipids have been implicated in the pathophysiology of both CAD and depression. This study assessed the association between plasma sphingolipid concentrations and depressive symptoms in CAD subjects. Methods Depressive symptoms were measured using the depression subscale of the self‐reported Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ( HADS ). Sphingolipid concentrations were measured from fasting plasma samples using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐coupled electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry ( LC / MS / MS ). Linear regression models were used to assess associations between log‐transformed concentrations of plasma sphingolipids and depressive symptoms. Results A total of 111 CAD patients (mean ( SD ) age = 63.6 ± 6.4, 84.7% male) were included. In linear regression analyses, higher plasma concentrations of ceramides C16:0 (β = 0.204, p = .026) and C18:0 (β = 0.209, p = .023) and sphingomyelin SM 18:1 (β = 0.210, p = .024) were significantly associated with higher HADS depression subscale score after adjusting for covariates. Conclusion Sphingolipids, in particular the ceramide species C16:0 and C18:0 and the sphingomyelin species SM 18:1, may be implicated in the pathophysiology of depression in CAD . The association between plasma sphingolipid concentrations and depression should be further examined in CAD patients and in other populations.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it