An analogy study on ESIPT reaction for 3BHC sensor between polar DMF and nonpolar toluene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A comparison about excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism of a new sensor 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde (3BHC) in polar solvent dimethylformamide (DMF) and nonpolar solvent toluene have been investigated within the framework of the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) method. The reproduced previous experimental absorption and emission spectra via our calculations reveals the reasonability of the DFT and TD-DFT theoretical level. The staple bond lengths, bond angles, and corresponding infrared vibrational spectra demonstrate that the intramolecular hydrogen bond of 3BHC should be strengthened in both polar DMF and nonpolar toluene. Two kinds of ESIPT mechanisms for different solvents have been put forward; there is a low potential barrier in the ESIPT process in the DMF solvent, whereas there is almost a nonbarrier for the ESIPT process in the toluene solvent. Hence, we could conclude that the ESIPT process of 3BHC sensor is more likely to occur in the nonpolar solvent upon the photoexcitation, based on which, the excited state behavior of 3BHC could be controlled.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".