97 Systematic Review of the Incidence of Threshold Retinopathy of Prematurity in Infants Weighing More Than 1249 g at Birth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To identify recent trends of the incidence of threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants with birth weight (BW) greater than 1249 g in industrialized countries. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature using the electronic MEDLINE bibliographic database (National Library of Medicine). References were identified using the Medical Subject Heading thesaurus term “retinopathy of prematurity” (tree numbers C11.768.836 and C16.614.521.731). The review was restricted to studies in human subjects published between May 1, 1998 to June 1, 2003 in English, French, German, or Spanish; and to study populations in Europe, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United States. Abstract review of this MEDLINE search suggested that 21 references out of 523 identified studies were potentially relevant. References were considered relevant if they reported the incidence of ROP using the International Classification of ROP Staging in population-based studies of neonates selected by screening criteria that included infants with BW greater than 1249 g. Three other papers were identified from author name search of MEDLINE and ophthalmology specialty journals. Two relevant studies that did not report all threshold ROP outcomes for patients with BW greater than or equal to 1249 g were excluded from further review. Threshold ROP was found in a total of 11 infants with BW greater than 1249 g in the 22 relevant studies. In addition, one study associated ROP with individual eyes rather than individual infants, and found 25 eyes reaching threshold ROP in infants between 1251 g and 1500 g BW, and five eyes reaching threshold disease in infants greater than 32 weeks gestational age. The incidence of threshold ROP in infants with BW greater than 1249 g has diminished significantly. It appears that dissemination of current best practices for care of preterm infants in industrialized nations has lead to consistently lower incidence of threshold ROP in preterm infants. Large prospective multi-center data collection efforts may now be required to provide the statistical power to identify associated risk factors for the development of threshold disease in larger preterm infants. Limitations of this systematic review of population studies include the difficulty of comparing outcomes across studies due to the differences in study design and purpose.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".