Разнообразие и сложность жизнеспособной системы

In the 21st century, 50 years later after Beer’s first publications on ‘Viable System Model’, the relevance of the tasks of increasing management efficiency of viable system (VS) and complex projects, including strategic and prioritized, is still high. In my article, using system and cybernetic approach, I examine basic properties of VS, including diversity and complexity. Relevance and significant difference of my research from the famous general reasoning about diversity and complexity of VS are that my article provides specific and meaningful description of analytical relations that evaluate a variety of control systems (CS) and the complexity of controllable system (CAS). Such constructive approach allows evaluating possibility of controlling complexity of VS instead of resource management (materials and machines, people, finances, etc.). This is particularly important for controlling (regulation) vital functions of active complex system and top-priority strategic projects. Assuming it is hardly possible sufficient correctly to define the meaning of term ‘diversity’ as applied to both any object and any system, and not trying to formulate universal and constructive definition, I presented definition of diversity of control (sub)system of complex active and purposeful systems, in particular, VS. viable system; complex active and purposeful system; diversity; complexity; similarity index; diversity index; control systems; controllable system; controlling complexity of viable system Ashby W.R. Introduction to Cybernetics. London: Chapman & Hall, 1956. Bain C., Ransom E., Higgins V. Private Standards: Contestation, Hybridity and the Politics of Standards. Introduction to an Edited Collection of Articles in International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food1 (2013): 1–10. Bamberger M., Cheema S. Case Studies of Project Sustainability, Implications for Policy and Operations from Asian Experience. Washington, D.C.: Economic Development Institute, 1990. 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