184: Motor Skill and Muscular Endurance Deficits and Sedentary Behavior Contribute to Lower Physical Literacy in Children with Congenital Heart Defects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Children with congenital heart defects (CHD) are at increased risk for the health consequences of a sedentary lifestyle. We know CHD children are more sedentary than healthy peers, but need to identify the specific areas of deficit in order to development optimal supports and interventions. This cross-sectional study evaluated the physical literacy (capacity for an active lifestyle) of children with CHD and compared their results to those of healthy peers. Children (8 to 12 years) completed the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy. Standardized protocols assessed daily behavior (daily steps, sedentary time), physical competence (motor skill, aerobic and muscular endurance, strength, flexibility, body composition), motivation (adequacy, predilection) and knowledge (activity, fitness, skill) domains. Children with CHD, a convenience sample assessed at a cardiac clinic, were compared (t-tests) to healthy peers assessed in local schools. Statistical significance was P<0.012 (.05/4 physical literacy domains). Participants were 37 children with CHD (35% female, 10.0±1.3 yrs) and 963 healthy children (55% female, 10.1±0.9 yrs). CHD patients tended to have a higher proportion of males (P=0.02) and were more likely to be tested during the spring/summer (P<0.001). Total Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy score (P=0.45) and the motivation (P=0.77) and knowledge (P=0.48) domains did not differ between groups (see Table). Physical competence (P=0.03) tended to be lower and daily behavior (P=0.07) tended to be higher among CHD patients. Within the physical competence domain, core body strength (plank isometric hold, P<0.001) was significantly lower and motor skill tended to be lower (obstacle course, P=0.03) among CHD patients. Within the daily behavior domain, CHD patients performed more daily activity (pedometer step counts, P<0.001) and tended to report more sedentary behavior (screen time, P=0.016). The results of this study suggest that children with CHD have a similar overall capacity for a healthy active lifestyle (i.e., physical literacy) compared to healthy peers. Their motivation for, and knowledge of physical activity are similar. Motor skill, sedentary behavior and muscular endurance measures may identify children with CHD most at risk for an inactive lifestyle. The higher daily activity among CHD patients suggests that study volunteers may have been those who were already more active. Future research should evaluate a larger randomized, representative sample of CHD patients and the impact of interventions to promote core muscular endurance, motor skill, and decreased sedentary behaviour.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".