Stochastic Operation Framework for Distribution Networks Hosting High Wind Penetrations
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, a stochastic framework including two hierarchical stages is presented for the operation of distribution networks with high penetrations of wind power. In the first stage termed Day Ahead Market Stage (DAMS), the power purchases from the day-ahead market and commitment of distributed generations (DGs) are determined. The DAMS model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming optimization problem. The uncertainty in predictions of wind generation, real time prices, and load profile are included in the optimization problem according to a scenario-based stochastic programming approach. The risk encountered due to the uncertainties is also taken into account. The objective is to minimize the expected operation cost while satisfying the acceptable level of risk. In the second stage named Real Time Market Stage (RTMS), the power purchases from the real time market, dispatch of committed DGs, load curtailment invocations, and hourly reconfigurations are determined. In each hour, the RTMS problem is solved based on the information of that hour and next few hours. To prevent large numbers of switching operations during a day, the switching cost of reconfiguration is considered. The RTMS is modeled as a mixed integer conic programming problem. To analyze the proposed framework, the IEEE 33-bus DN is used as a case study.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it