Bibliographic record
Abstract
Peripheral Intravenous (IV) insertion in children is a traumatic procedure. Minimizing the number of IV lines a child needs throughout an admission improves the child's care experience. To identify modifiable factors affecting longevity of peripheral IV lines in children. A retrospective chart review of IV lines on the pediatric ward in a small urban center (approximately 1700 admissions per year) was conducted between December 1st, 2013 and February 28th, 2014. IV lines which were removed because they were no longer required within 48 hours of insertion were excluded. The length of time an IV line spent in situ, its uses, location, and catheter size, and the reason for removal were recorded. Time spent saline locked or running at a rate of up to 10 mL/hour ‘to keep vein open’ (TKVO) was also recorded for each line. χ2, Fisher Exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to identify factors associated with IV line longevity. The primary outcome in this analysis was survival of IV line at 48 hours after insertion, as this is a common duration of antibiotics for children awaiting negative culture results. This study received local ethics board approval. A total of 284 IV lines were reviewed; 139 IV lines met the inclusion criteria. Lines remained in situ for a median of 62.3 hours (range 0.3–368.5, interquartile range 36.0, 77.0). 59% (n=55) of lines which lasted more than 48 hours spent greater than 20% of the IV duration TKVO compared to 28% (n=13) of lines which failed prior to 48 hours (P=0.001). Catheter size (P=1.0), insertion site (P=0.23), spending greater than 20% of line duration saline locked (P=0.67), and running fluids and/or medications at a rate above 10 mL/hour for greater than 20% of line duration (P=0.81) were not associated with IV line longevity. In this retrospective analysis, the majority of IV lines which spent greater than 20% of their duration running fluids at TKVO rates remained in situ for at least 48 hours, whereas lines which spent greater than 20% of their duration saline locked were no more likely to survive than to fail at 48 hours.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".