59: Low Socioeconomic Status and Very Preterm Birth: A “Double Jeopardy” in Child Language Development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As neonatal care advances, an increasing number of infants survive the immediate complications of preterm birth. In addition to ongoing physical health problems associated with preterm birth, these babies are more prone to delays in multiple domains of child development including cognitive, behavioral, and language development. Delay in these domains may impact future success in both academic and social endeavors. Compounding the issue is that preterm birth is more common, and increasing most rapidly, in low socioeconomic populations- a group already disadvantaged in the same domains of child development. In our study, we look to establish if very preterm birth and living in an urban area of low socioeconomic status (SES) at time of birth negatively influences language development in infants at 18 months adjusted age and 36 months. Using combined data from our local Neonatal Database and Neonatal Follow Up Database, we assessed the relationship between socioeconomic status and language outcomes in very preterm babies by comparing scores on validated language tools, administered during neonatal follow up care between SES groups. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between low SES and language development. Maternal and infant characteristics were compared between low SES, and combined average and high SES babies. Of the characteristics assessed, significant differences existed in maternal age, diabetes, and gestational age. Mortality and major neonatal morbidities associated with prematurity were compared between groups, and no association was found with SES. No significant difference in language outcomes were observed in our population at 18 months adjusted age, however by 36 months low SES babies had significantly more delayed composite language scores compared to average/high SES babies (odds ratio = 4.9, p-value= 0.01). There was a trend demonstrated towards poorer performance in both expressive and receptive language assessment compared to average and high SES babies. In our setting, low SES is associated with greater language delay in very preterm babies by 36 months. Further study is needed to assess if this delay is associated with school readiness, or other outcomes later in life. These results support prospective studies to evaluate the success of multidisciplinary interventional programs to modify the social risk and outcomes in low SES populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".