Equine Endometrial Explants Undergo Significant Degenerative Changes in Culture
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study evaluated equine endometrial explants following 12, 24, and 48 hr in culture. Measurement of an indicator of cell death in explant supernatant, light microscopy, and gene expression of biomarkers of endometrial function and cellular stress were used to compare the effect of six different media on explant viability and morphology. Viability of explants was assessed indirectly through measuring LDH activity in the culture supernatant. Regardless of culture medium composition, a significant increase in LDH activity was observed within 12 hr of culture, indicating occurrence of cell damage. Morphological analysis through light microscopy revealed degenerative changes occurring within 12 hr and, after 48 hr, there is nearly complete loss of luminal and superficial glandular epithelium and diffuse detachment of deep glandular epithelium. Transcript abundance of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed as biomarkers of endometrial function. A marked increase in PTGS2 and VEGF expression occurred; ESR1 displayed more or less steady expression levels. Above-described changes were seen irrespective of cell culture medium used. The marked increase in expression in PTGS2 expression presents a limitation to using endometrial explants in the current culture system to study aspects of endometrial function such as the inflammatory response to insemination. Anat Rec, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 301:148-153, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".