Topological defects in an unconfined nematic fluid induced by single and double spherical colloidal particles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present numerical solutions to the Landau-de Gennes free-energy model under the one-constant approximation for systems of single and double spherical colloidal particles immersed in an otherwise uniformly aligned nematic liquid crystal. A perfect homeotropic surface anchoring of liquid-crystal molecules on the spherical surface is considered. A large parameter space is carefully examined, including those in the free-energy model and those describing the dimer configurations and the background liquid-crystal orientation. The stability of the resulting liquid-crystal defects appearing in the neighborhood of the colloidal dimer pair is analyzed in light of the numerical results for their free energies. A number of scenarios are considered: a free dimer pair in a nematic fluid where the free-energy ground states are described in terms of a phase diagram, and a constrained dimer pair where the interparticle distance and the relative orientation of the distance vector to the nematic director can be manipulated. We pay particular attention to the nonsymmetric solutions, which yield several metastable defect states that can be observed in real systems. The high-precision numerical calculations are based on a spectral method, which is an enabling factor that allows us to compare the subtle difference in the free energies of different defect structures.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".