Sulfide Generation and Clogging during Infiltration of Denitrified Domestic Wastewater through Two Artificially Created Soils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study focused on a pilot-scale infiltration of denitrified wastewater through artificially created soils. The hydraulic performance and sulfide production were evaluated to ensure the system’s longevity over the period needed for autotrophic denitrification. Experiments were carried out over a year in two reactors of 200-L capacity. Sandy and sandy loam soils were tested to represent highly permeable (Ks=0.028 cm/s) and permeable (Ks=0.0013 cm/s) soils, respectively. The infiltration of denitrified wastewater at a continuous hydraulic rate (130 and 70 L/m2/day) through these soils did not lead to the production of large amounts of gaseous hydrogen sulfide [[H2S]<2.1 parts per million (ppm)] or aqueous sulfides ([HS−+H2S]<0.7 mg/L) sulfides in both feeding influent and effluents of the 200-L reactors. Considering the hydraulic performance, no loss in the infiltration capacity was recorded for the sandy soil, whereas a clogging phenomenon was observed after 37 days for the sandy loam soil. Two factors were responsible for this clogging phenomenon. A fine brown layer, known as a biomat, was formed on the infiltrative surface (IS) of the soil, which led to the formation of iron ochre at the bottom of the reactor. As an ascertainment attributed to the clogging phenomenon faced, sandy soil appeared to be the best choice as it did not contain organic matter, which could lead to the biomat formation and thus to a clogging phenomenon.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".