Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of BiFe<sub><i>x</i></sub>Cr<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub> Ferroelectric Thin Films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We synthesize ferroelectric BiFe x Cr 1– x O 3 thin films by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis on (111) oriented Nb-doped SrTiO 3 substrates. Bi(NO 3 ) 3, Fe(NO 3 ) 3, Cr(NO 3 ) 3, and KOH are used in the precursor solution, along with deionized water. Combination of Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies confirmed the incorporation of chromium into the rhombohedral structure of BiFeO 3 . The effect of deposition time on the surface morphology and the ferroelectric properties of the films are analyzed. This reveals that if the deposition goes on beyond completion of the reaction (10 min at 120 W), the ferroelectric properties of the film deteriorate due to stoichiometry changes. Through piezoresponse force microscopy, we show that Cr significantly deteriorates the film retention, which cannot be recovered by thermal annealing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".