Biopsychosocial impact of prostate cancer and androgen-deprivation therapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is the most non-cutaneous malignancy in men, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is a cornerstone of management in advanced disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of ADT with changes in depression and mental and physical quality of life (QoL) within a prospective patient cohort design. METHODS: Patients were prospectively recruited and consented at a single academic health sciences centre in Ontario, Canada. Inclusion criteria included those men with adenocarcinoma of the prostate and either on watchful waiting or initiating ADT as palliation or as an adjuvant therapy for high-risk localized disease. All three cohorts were followed in routine care and completed psychosocial evaluations, including depression, social support, anxiety, and QoL measures. RESULTS: In comparison to the control cohort of patients with prostate cancer on watchful waiting, initiation of ADT over a two-year period of time was not associated with any changes in depression or mental QoL. Instead, all patients, regardless of treatment cohort, showed increased depression scores and reduced mental QoL scores over time; however, for patients receiving ADT, a significant reduction in physical QoL compared to patients who did not receive ADT was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: ADT does not appear to significantly impact depressive symptoms and mental QoL over a two-year period; however, the depressive symptoms in this limited sample of men with prostate cancer was higher than expected and monitoring for these may be advisable for those who care for such patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".