Proxy Pasts: The Use of British Historical References in Spanish American Independence Rhetoric, 1808–1828
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In the independence era of the early nineteenth century, Spanish American patriot leaders hoped to find in Great Britain an ally not only in their fight for emancipation, but also in their efforts to become accepted into the family of nations. To do this, they not only cast their eyes across land and sea to study what contemporary Britain might offer as a political model, but they also ransacked the history books for material from its past. Although it is commonly assumed that the American and French Revolutions were the inspirations for Spanish American independence leaders, a strong case can be made for their attraction to the British model and historical experience. Their newspapers and congressional debates were filled with discussions of Magna Carta, the Tudors and Stuarts, the Armada, Oliver Cromwell and the English Civil War, all of which were deployed with great skill to inform contemporary debates on matters such as religious tolerance, the jury system, the relative merits of republics versus monarchies, and the role of strong women in public life. The extensive use of British historical references reveals much about a political model that was attracting serious consideration during the Spanish American independence period.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".