MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ZIRCALOY-2 NEUTRON IRRADIATED TO HIGH FLUENCE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Zircaloy-2 specimens neutron-irradiated at 70 °C to a fluence of 41.0 × 1025 n m−2 (E > 1 MeV) are deformed in tension at 23 °C and at 170 °C in the longitudinal and transverse directions, respectively. Neutron irradiation significantly increases the strengths of the material, accompanied by a corresponding decrease in ductility. The effect is such that the 0.2% yield stress (YS) and ultimate tensile strength are always greater in the longitudinal than in the transverse direction at low fluence (<35 × 1025 n m−2). While the longitudinal strength increases more rapidly with fluence than the transverse strength, they begin to converge at a fluence ≥20 × 1025 n m−2, becoming almost identical at a fluence >35 × 1025 n m−2. This indicates a change in deformation behaviour, from anisotropic to isotropic with increasing amounts of neutron fluence. The microstructure of the irradiated Zircaloy-2 (X-18) consists of a high density of 5–10 nm diameter a-type dislocation loops, with no observed c-component loops. Deformed longitudinal and transverse specimens of the X-18 that have been irradiated to fluence ≈25.9, 35.4, and 41.3 × 1025 n m−2 at 23 °C contain approximately an even distribution of dislocation-free channels on prismatic and first-order pyramidal planes, with a small fraction of second-order pyramidal channels. This is in agreement with the 0.2% YS in the longitudinal and transverse directions converging to the same value at high fluences.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".