Clinical outcomes of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and progesterone receptor (PgR)-positive invasive breast cancer.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
567 Background: Hormone receptor (HR) expression has prognostic and predictive significance in breast cancer. Most HR-positive tumors are ER positive (ER+). In contrast, tumors that are ER negative (ER-) and PgR positive (PgR+) are uncommon and may represent an analytic artifact. We have previously shown that ER-/PgR+ tumors have been associated with younger age, higher grade, and Her2/neu over-expression suggesting a distinct biologic entity (Proceedings 103rdUSCAP Meeting). Here we evaluated clinical outcomes of ER-/PgR+ breast cancers. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a well-characterized database comprising 816 sequential patients diagnosed with early stage invasive breast carcinoma in Salamanca, Spain. Outcomes of interest were time to relapse (TTR) and overall survival (OS). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to assess the association of ER-/PgR+ with TTR and OS in comparison to ER+ and to ER- and PgR negative (ER-/PgR-) tumors. Results: Fifty-six patients (7%) had ER-/PgR+, 624 (77%) had ER+ and 136 (17%) had ER-/PgR- phenotypes. For ER-/PgR+, ER+ and ER-/PgR- tumors, five-year relapse rates were 36%, 20% and 42%, and five-year OS was 92%, 93% and 66%, respectively. ER-/PgR+ showed annual hazards of relapse that were intermediate between ER+ and ER-/PgR- patients. Relapses occurred early in follow-up for ER-/PgR+ and ER-/PgR- tumors with few relapses beyond year 6. ER+ tumors showed a continuous risk of relapse throughout follow-up. Multivariable analysis for TTR is shown in the Table. Only nodal status and receptor group were associated with worse OS. Conclusions: ER-/PgR+ tumors are a rare, but defined subgroup. They have a higher risk of relapse than ER+ tumors, but lower than ER-/PgR- tumors. The timing of relapse more closely resembles ER-/PgR- disease, whereas overall survival more closely resembles ER+ disease. Further research on the role of PgR in breast carcinogenesis is warranted. Variable Hazard ratio 95% CI p Age at diagnosis 0.97 0.96-0.98 <0.001 Tumor size 1.13 1.04-1.23 0.006 Nodal metastases 2.22 1.49-3.33 <0.001 Grade 1.36 1.00-1.85 0.048 Receptor group ER+ ER-/PgR+ ER-/PgR- - Ref 1.57 3.64 - Ref 0.79-3.12 1.69-7.82 - Ref 0.20 0.001
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".