Underwater sound propagation variability over the Chukchi Sea continental slope
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Canada Basin and Chukchi Sea regions, a vertical sound duct can be formed between the Pacific Summer Water Layer on the top and the Atlantic Water Layer on the bottom, providing an acoustic pathway connecting the deep basin and the shallow shelf over the Chukchi Sea continental slope. Previous studies have shown that the shelfbreak circulation (specifically upwelling), the sub-mesoscale eddies spun off the shelfbreak jet, and the ice coverage are the three major causes of the temporal and spatial variability of the Pacific Summer Water Layer in the region. In this paper, numerical simulations utilizing the Parabolic-Equation (PE) method are conducted to investigate the sound propagation variability over the Chukchi Sea shelfbreak and slope, along with an idealized ocean circulation model providing the fundamental basis of water-column fluctuations. The sound pressure sensitivity kernel derived from the acoustic propagator in the PE method is also used to provide physical insights into the sound propagation variability. The acoustic data over the northern Chukchi Sea shelfbreak collected during the 2016 shallow water cruise of the Canada Basin Acoustic Propagation Experiment will be examined and compared with the numerical simulations. [Work supported by the Office of Naval Research.]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".