Effect of OnabotulinumtoxinA on Pain in Patients with Cervical Dystonia: Results from CD PROBE (P4.327)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To report pain relief in cervical dystonia (CD) subjects treated with onabotulinumtoxinA. BACKGROUND: CDPROBE is the largest registry of CD subjects, collecting real-world information concerning baseline characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. DESIGN/METHODS: CDPROBE was a prospective, multicenter, observational registry of CD subjects naïve to botulinum toxin, new to the physician, or 蠅16 weeks from previous treatment if in a clinical trial (NCT00836017). Subjects were eligible for 3 treatments, and pain was assessed by subject- and physician-reported pain questionnaires: Pain Numeric Rating Scale (PNRS), Pain and Discomfort Subscale of the CD Impact Profile (CDIP-58), the Pain Subscale of the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), and the Post-Injection Pain (PIP) questionnaire. PNRS, CDIP-58, and PIP were assessed 4-6 weeks post-treatment; additionally, PNRS and CDIP-58 were assessed at each treatment session. TWSTRS was assessed at baseline (first treatment), third treatment, and final assessment. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including ANOVA analyses, were utilized to evaluate the change in pain scores. RESULTS: 1046 subjects enrolled; 502 completed the study. Subjects were 74.4[percnt] female, mean age 58 years, age at CD symptom onset 49 years, time to diagnosis 5 years, and time to treatment 1.1 years. A majority of subjects (69.1[percnt]-78.9[percnt]) reported improved pain on the PIP questionnaire 4-6 weeks after each of the 3 treatments, with a mean time to pain relief of 7.0-7.5 days. For subjects with pain at baseline who completed the study (n=286, PNRS>0), the PNRS improved from baseline mean 6.2 to 4.2 upon final visit (p<0.0001). The CDIP-58 Pain and Discomfort Subscale improved from baseline mean 70.8 to 51.9 upon final visit (n=407, p<0.0001). TWSTRS Pain Subscale improved from baseline mean 10.4 to 7.0 upon final visit (n=479, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of CD subjects with pain experienced significant relief following treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA. Study Supported by: Allergan, Inc.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".