Light emission from vertically aligned carbon nanotube field emitters during Joule heating enhanced field emission
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, we present the observation and investigation of light emission from vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) emitters induced by FE Joule heating using Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin film based field emission microscopy (FEM) method with microscopic video camera. This is the first time that investigation of the extended Schottky emission from vertically aligned CNT array based on the light emission directly observed. Due to the Joule heating, the electron emission of the incandescent CNT emitter transits from FE to extended Schottky emission and Schottky emission at a critical temperature of 1447 K. Experimental study shows that the effect of Joule heating at high FE current level ranges from 1.96 μA to 41.82 μA and averaging 11.82 μA. Finite element analysis results indicate that Joule heating of CNT emitters is almost an instantaneous process. An emission current of 11.82 μA is able to heat an emitter to over 2500 K. The maximum temperature on CNT increases with the decrease of CNT diameter and electric conductivity. The Schottky emission causes an increase of emission current before and after the CNT emitter failure. The appearance of light emission verifies that vertically aligned CNT FE enhanced by Joule heating is a self-heating Schottky emission.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".