Effect of Storage Time and Concentration of Used Cooking Oil on Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Production by Cupriavidus necator H16
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) can be used to replace petrochemical plastics in many applications.However, their production has limitation due to production cost.This research was conducted using alternative carbon source from waste to synthesize PHAs by Cupriavidus necator H16.In this study, PHAs were produced from used cooking oil (UCO) and compared with production PHAs from palm oil.Two UCO storage times (4 and 10 weeks) and three UCO concentrations (10, 20 and 30 g/L) were used to determine the most optimum condition for PHA synthesis.The best optimum condition for PHA synthesis was cultivated in the medium containing 30 g/L of UCO at 4 weeks storage.The cell dry weight (CDW) and PHA content were 5.26±0.61g/L and 27.36±2.04wt.%, respectively.These results were similar to cell cultivation using 20 g/L palm oil and 1% of fructose (5.93±0.33 g/L of CDW and 26.96±6.14wt.% of PHA contents).In addition, PHA content from the culture with 10 g/L of UCO stored for 10 weeks was higher than PHA content from the culture with 20 and 30 g/L of UCO.Thus, it can be concluded that UCO could be used in PHA production.Keywords: Bioplastics;
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".