The effectiveness of common methods of cold-holding on the temperature of milk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Keeping self-serve milk below 4 °C may become difficult for a food premise operator who relies on the use of insulated containers for several hours. Although milk sold in Canada is pasteurized, it may have the potential to cause illness if exposed to improper temperatures. The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate which product would be the most effective at keeping milk cold for the longest period to decrease the potential risk of foodborne illness. A survey was conducted in food premises throughout the Niagara region to determine which products were most commonly used for cold-holding milk, followed by a time-series analysis to investigate how rapidly the temperature of milk increased when stored in typical containers after 8 hours. Results showed that vacuum-insulated carafes are the most effective at cold-holding and stainless-steel carton holders are the least effective. The Niagara survey showed that 8 of 27 premises visited used these poorly insulated stainless-steel carton holders, which may be additionally susceptible to human contamination from potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus due to their open spout.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".