Highly permeable biomimetic reverse osmosis membrane with amphiphilic peptide stabilized aquaporin as water filtering agent
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The shortage of fresh water is one of the most critical problems our society must address. The most commonly accepted method to produce fresh water is by membrane systems. Since the discovery of aquaporins (AQPs) (water channel proteins), researchers have been trying to incorporate them as functional units in biomimetic membranes to achieve superior water permeability and solute rejection. However, it still remains challenging due to the lack of an effective strategy to stabilize AQPs and fabricate robust membranes. Here, we report the utilization of an amphiphilic peptide (BP1) to stabilize AQPs and use the resulting protein–BP1 complex for desalination purposes. We demonstrated the secondary structure and stability of protein–BP1 complex in aqueous solution using circular dichroism and transmission electron microscopy. The resulting membrane with aquaporin incorporation showed water permeability of 12.33 LMH, improved 28% compared to mutant control membrane, and 83.6% compared to traditional polyamide membrane, while maintaining the high sale rejection (96%). These results demonstrate a great potential of this new incorporating technique for desalination applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135 , 46169.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".