The onset of penetrative convection stimulated by internal heating in a magnetic nanofluid saturating a rotating porous medium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the effect of rotation on the onset of penetrative convection stimulated by internal heating in a thin layer of magnetic nanofluid saturating a porous medium. A model that includes the effect of Brownian diffusion, thermophoresis, and magnetophoresis is considered, while the Brinkman model is used for the porous medium. The following three boundary conditions are considered: rigid–rigid, rigid–free, and free–free. We discretized the partial differential equations by applying the Chebyshev pseudospectral method and used the QZ algorithm to solve the resulting eigenvalue problem for water and ester-based magnetic nanofluids. The nature of stability is determined by using the numerical method and is found to be stationary. The results indicate that the onset of convection is advanced with an increase in the Lewis number Le, concentration Rayleigh number Rn, and modified diffusivity ratio N A but the opposite is true in the case with an increase in the width of magnetic nanofluid layer d, Langevin parameter α L , porosity ε, Darcy number Da, modified diffusivity ratio [Formula: see text], and Taylor number T A . Moreover, the parameter N B does not affect the stability of the system significantly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".