Effects of scandium on hypoeutectic aluminium copper microstructures under low solidification rate conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work addresses the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-4.5 wt-% Cu alloys containing 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 wt-% Sc that were solidified under low cooling rate conditions (0.01, 0.08, 0.3 and 0.8°C s−1) and then heat treated. The solidification and heat treatment processes were carried out in a differential scanning calorimeter. Two different approaches were used for heat treatment. The first approach, involved the traditional heat treatment sequences including solutionising for 18.5 h at 535°C then quenching, followed by aging at 240°C for 2 h. The second approach consisted of direct aging of the as-solidified samples. Under low solidification rate conditions, Sc is found to modify the grain morphology from elongated dendrites to equiaxed structures but is neither a grain refiner nor a strengthener. Indeed, much of it is tied up with Cu in the form of the intermetallic W-phase. Consequently, there appears to be no benefit to adding Sc, in the hypoeutectic composition, to Al-4.5 wt-% Cu if the traditional heat treatment route is followed. However, a minor improvement in hardness is observed upon aging immediately after solidification when 0.4 wt-% Sc is added, owing to excess Sc dissolved in the matrix and not precipitating as the W-phase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".