Enhanced nondestructive characterization of ordinary chondrites using complex magnetic susceptibility measurements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Ordinary chondrites have previously been nondestructively characterized using bulk magnetic susceptibility, broadly reflecting their Fe‐Ni alloy content. We seek to expand the information that can be recovered from magnetic susceptibility by using the University of Toronto Electromagnetic Induction Spectrometer (UTEMIS) to measure the complex magnetic susceptibility tensor of 20 ordinary chondrites samples in addition to 16 Gao–Guenie (H5) chondrites at 35 frequencies from 90 Hz to 64 kHz, at variable low applied field strengths <10 A m −1 . Following removal of the field‐dependent component of susceptibility, frequency dependence, in‐ and out‐of‐phase components, and bulk magnetic susceptibility were interpreted. Most meteorites showed no frequency‐dependent in‐phase responses, but had a frequency‐dependent out‐of‐phase response attributed to eddy currents induced in conductive minerals. Greater in‐ and out‐of‐phase frequency dependence correlated with lower fayalite content in olivine and was, in turn, inversely proportional to Fe‐Ni alloy content. The uncertainty in the UTEMIS measurements ranges from approximately 0.05% for low‐frequency in‐phase measurements to a maximum of 3% for low‐frequency out‐of‐phase measurements. This uncertainty level was far lower than the intra‐meteorite variability for the Gao–Guenie suite suggesting inhomogeneity at scales of approximately 10 g.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".