Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article analyzes the antitheatrical sermons produced under the bishop of Quebec, Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrieres de Saint-Vallier, in response to a rumored performance of Moliere’s Tartuffe in 1694. It makes the case that the performance of these sermons constituted a form of cultural protest in an early modern sense in that Saint-Vallier saw himself as a defender of the ideal social and religious order he envisioned for New France and drew on the same conservative tropes common toagents of pre-Revolutionary social unrest. Although France already had a long antitheatrical tradition by the end of the seventeenth century, theatrical performance proved particularly contentious in New France given that the colony lacked a printing press, making performance an essential medium for the transmission of information, or publication. Publication, the article argues, is also a useful way to understand the imperative to make devotion manifest or visible in Counter-Reformation Catholicism,which the sermons present plays as disrupting. The article concludes that as cultural protest, the sermons succeeded. They helped suppress theatrical activity in New France for more than a century. However, when evaluated in relation to Saint-Vallier’s spiritual objectives, his sermonic protests against the theater failed. By emphasizing the outer forms of devotion, Saint-Vallier turned theatricality into the enemy within.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".