A Kinetic Study of The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Phosphoric Acid Solutions with Iron and Manganese Phosphatized Steel Cathodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this investigation a kinetic study of the HER was carried out employing a steel rotating disk with different aqueous solutions containing Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4) with or without metallic manganese (Mn) and Nitric Acid (HNO3). Furthermore, the HER was evaluated on iron and manganese phosphate coatings. Analyses of Tafel plots and the charge transfer coefficients, revealed one electrical potential zone where the monoatomic hydrogen can be recombined electrochemically to H2 as the rate determining step, with charge transfer coefficients similar to an activationless process (α→0). On the other hand, an increase in the concentration of H3PO4 promotes a higherexchange current for the HER. The Mn in the aqueous solutions has a catalytic effect on the hydrogen generation rate at room temperature. However, the precipitation of Mn3(PO4)2 on steel decreases the HER kinetics at high temperatures. These observations are also supported with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) characterizations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".