Resection of an Optic Canal Meningioma through a Contralateral Subfrontal Approach with Endoscopic Assistance: A 2D Operative Video
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To review the use of the contralateral subfrontal approach for the resection of an optic canal meningioma. Design Operative video. Results A meningioma, located in the inferomedial side of the optic canal (Fig. 1), was found to cause significant visual deterioration. The subfrontal route was preferred to expose the tumor without mobilization of the optic nerve. Drilling of the anterior limb of the chiasmatic sulcus (limbus sphenoidale) provided adequate exposure of the medial aspect of the optic canal. Gross total resection (Simpson II) of the tumor was accomplished, and endoscopic assistance allowed identification and coagulation of an infiltrated dura mater in the chiasmatic sulcus and tuberculum sellae. Conclusion The subfrontal approach grants an optimal surgical trajectory to the contralateral chiasmatic sulcus and optic nerve. When the medial side of the optic canal is drilled, tumors extending into the optic canal can be safely resected, under direct visualization of the inferomedial side of the optic nerve. Breach into the sphenoid sinus can occur during drilling of the anterior limb of the chiasmatic sulcus. Endoscopic assistance can provide a better view on blind areas of the surgical field, including the depth of the optic canal (Fig. 2). The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/fS2udUCPH1g.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".