The Mixed Alloyed Chemical Composition of Chloro-(chloro)<sub><i>n</i></sub>-Boron Subnaphthalocyanines Dictates Their Performance as Electron-Donating and Hole-Transporting Materials in Organic Photovoltaics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chloro(chloro)nboron subnaphthalocyanine (Cl–ClnBsubNc) from a commercial source and two synthetic routes were each tested as electron-donating and hole-transporting materials in planar as well as bulk heterojunction (PHJ and BHJ) organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. We have previously reported that each Cl–ClnBsubNc sample is a mixed alloyed composition, wherein each has a varying degree of bay-position chlorination. We have determined that increasing bay chlorination has a beneficial effect on the fill factor of PHJs. Comparison between this new and our past OPV data sets, which utilized the same set of Cl–ClnBsubNcs as electron acceptors and transporters, reveals that the increase of fill factor and performance is likely due to improved exciton transport and higher levels of bay-position chlorination. While we identify two possible mechanisms for this, further studies will be required to determine whether the phenomenon is driven by decreased radiative relaxation or due to enhanced thermal hopping from a narrower density of states. We conclude that the usage of Cl–ClnBsubNc with higher levels of bay-position chlorination, achieved through the “nitrobenzene process,” is likely to result in higher-performance OPVs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".