Surface-grafted polyethylene glycol conformation impacts the transport of PEG-functionalized liposomes through a tumour extracellular matrix model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of surface PEGylation on nanoparticle transport through an extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important determinant for tumor targeting success. Fluorescent stealth liposomes (base lipid DOPC) were prepared incorporating different proportions of PEG-grafted lipids (2.5, 5 and 10% of the total lipid content) for a series of PEG molecular weights (1000, 2000 and 5000 Da). The ECM was modelled using a collagen matrix. The kinetics of PEGylated liposome adhesion to and transport in collagen matrices were tracked using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and confocal microscopy, respectively. Generalized least square regressions were used to determine the temporal correlations between PEG molecular weight, surface density and conformation, and the liposome transport in a collagen hydrogel over 15 hours. PEG conformation determined the interaction of liposomes with the collagen hydrogel and their transport behaviour. Interestingly, liposomes with mushroom PEG conformation accumulated on the interface of the collagen hydrogel, creating a dense liposomal front with short diffusion distances into the hydrogels. On the other hand, liposomes with dense brush PEG conformation interacted to a lesser extent with the collagen hydrogel and diffused to longer distances. In conclusion, a better understanding of PEG surface coating as a modifier of transport in a model ECM matrix has resulted. This knowledge will improve design of future liposomal drug carrier systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".