Neural Correlates of Rote Memory: Auditory Interference and Working Memory Capacity Effect Quranic Recall in Children and Young Adults Using Electroencephalography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The study in question investigated the neural activation patterns in children and young adults who have previously memorized text from the holy Quran of the Islamic religion without understanding the Arabic language.The Quran Recognition Task (QRT) was developed to test long term memory recall and working memory capacity during electroencephalography (EEG) recording.The study examined the effect of auditory interference as a means of distraction, manipulating the processes underlying recall and recognition.16 subjects (Aged 8-27 years) participated in the study.Auditory interference was proven to significantly affect the accuracy rate for both groups (F (1, 14) = 12.34, p<.05).Significant differences in brain activation patterns and in the appearance of select event related potentials (Early sustained potentials, P300 and N400) were observed across distraction conditions, across different periods in the task presentation and between groups.Children exhibited more global activation, showing their need for more neural resources and working memory capacity to successfully complete the task while the brain activation patterns for adults depicted decreased amplitudes in the waveforms overall.The results illustrated the major differences between groups in the cognitive strategies used to complete the task.This study suggests developmental differences in the cognitive and neural approaches in retaining and recalling rote memory in a specific cultural context.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".