Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article consists of an introduction, method of investigation, discussion on text and discourse and determination of metaphorezation, description of metaphors, place of metaphorization in literary and linguistic study, text and discourse relations, study of metaphorezation, of a conclusion and reference, each of which has found its scientific and empiric substantiation.In the introduction the significance of the investigation from the view of comparative-contrastive method is noted, the study of the text theory and discourse, investigation of different linguistic elements used in the texts and discourses in different (English and Azerbaijani) languages are put forth as the aim of the investigation. In the introduction concise information on the study of discourse and text problems is given.In the part, dealing with method of investigation it is spoken of the usage of typological comparative-contrastive-descriptive method of investigation which is determined as the method of investigation.In the part of the article dealing with Discussion on text and Discourse and Determination of Metaphorization, different types of discourses, the role of metaphorization in these discourses and texts are touched upon. In this part discussion of theoretical concepts on metaphor and metaphorization find their reflections.In the part, speaking of the place of Metaphorization in literary and linguistic study it is pointed out that metaphorization is mainly a literary mechanism and for this reason its manifestation in literature is considered, the theory of metaphorezation is discussed.The subtitle, dealing with Text and Discourse Relations, Study of Metaphoriration, touches upon the determination of relations between text and discourse, their roles in speech and narrations, their mutual influence on each other, on the metaphorization and its functions, discussion on the theoretical view points of the scholars on these problems, manifestation of metaphors in literary texts and discourses. Extracts from both English and Azerbaijani literary pieces are introduced to illustrate the given theses.In the conclusion all the above—mentioned issues are summarized in the concise from.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".