The nutritional status of adult female patients with disabilities in Kuwait
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Adults with disabilities are at a higher risk of malnutrition than are their non-disabled counterparts owing to feeding problems and associated medical conditions. We evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition in a group of institutionalized women and investigated any feeding difficulties and nutrition-related medical problems. METHODS: This study used two versions of the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) to screen malnutrition: the MNA-SF1 which uses the body mass index, and the MNA-SF2 which uses the calf circumference. Data were collected from 53 women with intellectual and physical disabilities in a cross-sectional survey of residents of the Kuwait Rehabilitation Centre. RESULTS: Of all participants, 63.5% were found to be overweight or obese, while 11.5% were underweight. Using the MNA-SF1, 57.7% were found to be at risk of malnourishment while 11.5% were malnourished. More patients were identified to be at risk of malnutrition or to be actually malnourished using the MNA-SF2 (59.6% and 23.1%, respectively). Reported feeding problems included difficulties in maintaining a sitting position, manipulating food on a plate, conveying food to the mouth, and in swallowing. The presence of infections worsened the prognoses of malnourished women regardless of their weight status. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that MNA-SF2 is a more sensitive tool for identifying malnourishment than MNA-SF1. Obesity can obscure the identification of malnourished patients if clinicians rely solely on the MNA-SF1, which uses the body mass index.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".