Hearing loss with kanamycin treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Bangladesh
Bibliographic record
Abstract
World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) include treatment for 8 months or more of an aminoglycoside, such as kanamycin, amikacin or capreomycin, or a shorter course of 4 months or more, depending on the susceptibility of the patient's Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate to other drugs in the regimen [1]. Aminoglycosides can produce significant side-effects, including irreversible ototoxicity, estimated to occur in 25–60% of patients treated for MDR-TB, depending on methods of measurement [2–5]. Even if surviving to cure, MDR-TB treatment itself is impoverishing [6], while ototoxicity further limits a patient's ability to regain employment and may compound social isolation. High frequency hearing loss from kanamycin in MDR-TB treatment: not if, but when? icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the National Institutes of Health to its research efforts. icddr,b is also grateful to the Governments of Bangladesh, Canada, Sweden and the UK for providing core/unrestricted support. The authors also express their sincere gratitude to the authority of NIDCH for their continued support to the studies conducted by icddr,b.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".