Printing Silver Conductive Inks with High Resolution and High Aspect Ratio
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Narrow metal lines with low electrical resistance are essential for many printable electronic devices. Printing metal lines of narrower than 10 µm and with a high thickness‐to‐width aspect ratio is very difficult and remains a technical challenge in printable electronics. In this work, by controlling the ink–substrate interaction and ink drying dynamics, 4.6 µm wide inkjet‐printed silver lines are demonstrated with an aspect ratio of 0.7 and an elliptical cross‐section. The silver lines are obtained by jetting a silver nanoparticle‐based ink onto an SU‐8‐coated polyethylene terephthalate substrate to form well‐defined silver lines, and then heating the lines to transform them into high aspect ratio narrow lines through ink dewetting and receding. The simultaneous dissolution and redistribution of SU‐8 by the ink result in a concave structure, which prevents the lines from bulging and allows the lines to become embedded into the SU‐8 film.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".