A novel radiation imaging detector with proportional charge gain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using electric field to partition the selenium layer into a low field charge drift region and a high field avalanche gain region was first proposed in 2005<sup>(1)</sup>. Engineering and fabricating such a grid structure on a TFT array have been a challenge. High dielectric strength material (up to several hundred volts/um) is required. Furthermore, it is very difficult to achieve or control a stable and uniform avalanche gain for imaging without too much excess noise from the elevated grid structure about the pixel plane. Image charge gain is non-uniform depending on the distance from the center of the avalanche well. A novel coplanar detector structure is now being tested. All image charges collected on a dielectric pixel surface will transfer to the central pixel readout electrode along a converging field. Uniform gain via a stable avalanche process can be achieved. This new structure does not require a conventional TFT platform and higher temperature fabrication process can be used. Imaging charges generated from x‐ray are first directed to a dielectric charge collection interface surface. During the sequential rolling image readout, imaging charges in each line are re-directed to an orthogonal lines of central readout electrode by a convergent field with high electric field strength at the rim of each pixel central electrode. All accumulated image charges need to pass through the end point of this converging field and therefore undergo a uniform impact ionization charge gain. This gain mechanism is similar to a proportional counter in radiation detection.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".